Organizational Behaviour Assignment †Management Essay

A autobus is a person who supervises star or more subordinates (Bailey et al., 1991, p. 14) by apply the management functions of projectning, organizing, leading and controlling. Managers weed devil a assemblage of individuals more efficient to achieve (Reid) an organisations goals. In addition to the functions, managers yield roles to play in an presidency and aptitudes which make easier for them to do so.The management functions of planning, organizing, leading and controlling is a way for managers to mold individuals into high-fl hold employees. With planning, managers croupe define the goals of the organization, and then establish an approach to achieve it (Gibson et al., 1997, p. 16) by growing a plan. Inputs from subordinates concerning ab away the plan are very more encouraged as theyre the ones that make a plan add and by asking for their thoughts, subordinates would feel valued.After a plan is designed, organizing it entrust be the next step. Everything s hould be on stand by and everyone should discover the signifi tail assemblyce of their role (Gibson et al., 1997, p. 16). Next keep bundles leading, where managers are seen motivating the employees and resolving conflicts. When the plan is being implemented, managers can control activities to ensure everything goes accordingly. A back-up plan should be developed in case of a crisis (Reid). Being aware of any these functions, managers can effectively assist an organization to attain its goals.In total heat Mintzbergs study, he concluded that a managers roles locomote into three categories interpersonal, informational and decisional roles (Robbins & coulter 2002, p. 9). In the category of interpersonal roles, a manager is a figurehead, a leader and a liaison of which he is a person who to gets closer to other individuals in the organization by developing a more personal connection with them. To accomplish this, managers should recognize that individuals pee-pee life to lead af ter-school(prenominal) their office. Within the informational roles category, managers are the organizations monitor, disseminator and spokesperson. Information is used here as an advantage for subordinates managers drive on by seeking receiving and transmitting information to them. In the decisional category, managers are seen as an entrepreneur, disturbance handler and resource allocator. Managers make important decisions that can watch individuals plough environment. By assuming these roles, an effective manager can be born in oneself.An effective manager postulate certain skills as sanitary. Skill is an ability to transform friendship into act that ends in a desired process (Bailey et al, 1991, p. 22). The vital managerial skills are sorted out into three categories technical, conceptual and human skills (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 11). A technical skill is a specialized know leadge, which can be gibeed through fix or basis education. Conceptual skills are the potential to analyze, tell and remunerate problems. Human skills are the capability to operate on well with others by using motivation and understanding human behaviors. arrangingal deportment is a knowledge which helps managers who deals closely with human resources to understand their subordinates as an individual, a group or as a whole organization (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 10). plaqueal Behaviour offers some(prenominal) concepts in helping managers to understand individuals better. The concepts are globalization, workforce variety, improving reference and productionivity, empowerment, improving populate skill, temporariness, simulating innovation and assortments, balancing family with work and ethics (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, pp. 13-18). globalisation is interdependency of transportation, distribution, communication and economic networks across global boundaries (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, p. 54). This influences a managers people skills by two ways hell in all likelihood be transferred to a foreign country or having to deal with individuals from contrariety countries (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 17). To adapt, managers should think globally and being aware of the process of globalization. Managers should sensitise themselves era dealings with a global organization (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, pp. 57-58). A clear mandate of conduct for the workplace can be developed so that employees suck up respect for difference cultures. To benefit from globalization, managers should equip employees with information about cultures in a country that they wish to penetrate its market (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, p. 58).Procter & Gambles introduction of liquid detergent failed in Europe because European washout machines werent equipped for it so modifications had to be make to their product (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, p. 56). This is an role model in which Procter & Gamble had to suffer the loss of profits because they were ignorant in key outing out about the pros and cons of launching their product. Managers leave behind have to apply pleasure to local as well as international needs so that global success can be attained. A divers(a) workforce will help managers to appreciate the intricacy of globalization.Workforce change occurs when an organization becomes more distinct in terms of gender, race, ethnicity and minority (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 41). Managers will have to mingle with the diverse workforce. Cultural awareness planning for the current workforce (http//www.pwcglobal.com/us/eng/careers/diversity/index.html, 2001) can help employees and managers to learn about each others background. At PricewaterhouseCoopers, a multifariousness and Workforce Champions are appointed in each department to find solutions concerning diversity problems in hope of enhancing work performance. Jim Schiro, the CEO there, said thatWhen you make a genuine commitment to diversity, you fill a gr eater diversity of ideas, approaches, experiences and abilities that can be applied to client problems. After all, six people with different perspective have a better shot at solving complex problems than sixty people who all think also. (http//www.pwcglobal.com/us/eng/careers/diversity/index.html, 2001)From the statement above, it shows that a diverse workforce is well comprehended because it can improve an organizations tonicity and productivity.To improve quality and productivity, this is where Total Quality vigilance (TQM) comes in. TQM is a philosophy of management that is control by constant attainment of customer satisfaction through end slight improvement of organization (Robbins & Coulter 2002, p. 46). Managers can use the approach of reengineering (Gibson, Ivancevich & Donnelly 1997, pp. 349-50) which is to see how work would be do if it was from scratch. This can be done if a managers conceptual skills are used. Managers will have to come out with an ar plodment t hat can improve organizations productivity and quality so that customer satisfaction could be maximised.The organization should be completely change for the better not only the final product but also the small things like how quickly is the employees response to complaints, how civilised are they and so on. Citigroups employees are promoted based on their work performance (http//www.citigroup.com/citigroup/corporate/values/index.htm, 2003). At Hewlett-Packard Corporation, customers respect and loyalty is make by providing high-quality services (http//www.hp.com/hpinfo/abouthp/corpobj.html, 2001). This can be done by putt employees in direct contact with customers. By doing so, employees can personally identify customer needs, so better choices can be made to live up to the customers. Managers can empower employees to achieve customers approval.Empowerment means putting employees in charge of what theyre doing. It eases employees because when theres no managers breathing down their necks during their work. At Nokia, employees are rewarded for the overall success based on their performance so it generates an environment for employees to optimize to their full potential which managers can allow by braggy employees all the information they need to succeed (http//www.nokia.com/nokia/0,8764,5452,00.html, 2003). motivating is the best means for managers. In the Lesson of the Red Horse, it stated that employees tend to work more competent when employees are able to think on their own (Reid). Managers should treat employees as individuals and show that their contribution to the organization count. Meetings across departments as a whole should be held regularly to help employees recognize the organizations objectives better. In those get togethers, brainstorming (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 741) can be done so new ideas from employees can be considered. Susan M. Heathfield wrote thatI attended a meeting led by a young manager. I watched as she provided informa tion and led a discussion. The most striking feature of the interaction was that she talked to the group as if they were all colleagues working on the aforementioned(prenominal) goal. (Heathfield, 2003)This exhibits that a manager isnt more or less important than other individuals in the organization. Organizations goals can be achieved when its managers people skill enhances. Employees should have a sense datum of importance and thrill, exhibit openness, insight and originality, and flourish on change, dispute and competition. A manager can make an employee have that sense by making them know that mistakes are tolerable as long as its being dealt with as soon as possible. Citigroup encourages an open-door management expression where doors in the office arent close at any given time to make the working environment more laid-back and giving the employees an opportunity to converse as well as interaction with their co-workers and managers alike without fear of rejection (http//ww w.citigroup.com/citigroup/corporate/values/data/index.htm, 2003).Communication is the key to bring individuals closer. At Nokia, a culture of internal and external communication is valued. Its range of communication channels that helps employees to use corporate information that they receive and by doing so knowledge is pooled and a sense of openness in Nokia is autocratic (http//www.nokia.com/nokia/0,8764,321,00.html, 2003).Managers can take cue from people at Nokia as there is a Nokia People magazine which is published in 4 languages, a Nokia News Service which offers daily organizational news online, and an Intranet that contains Nokias federation information. The reason why Nokia was focused is because of their commitment in bringing the Nokia employees passim worldwide closer to one another (http//www.nokia.com/nokia/0,8764,5450,00.html, 2003). Managers should familiarize themselves with employees to can puddle a sense of family bond in the workplace. At HalfPrice books, it s founder made the working environment enjoyable by encouraging a sense of play at work and enlivening employees so that they feel theyre a part of something brilliant (Heathfield, 2003).Managers have to simulate employees creativity and tolerance for change. The business world today is a global one with the introduction of the Internet. It offers plenty of opportunities for organizations to discover in. Hallmark, a greeting card caller-out recognised this and developed their own website. Managers can nurture innovation by making information accessible to its employees and selecting creative people who are deft to develop first-class products (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 18). Even if the company is the first to develop something new, its time to move on to the next best thing when their competitors reached the same product level. At Citigroup, management are willingly to invest in infrastructure and focus more on technological innovation because they deficiency employees to give the very best service to their customers (http//www.citigroup.com/citigroup/about/index.htm, 2003).A change in an organization is inevitable therefore managers and employees face the concept of temporariness (Robbins, S. P. et al., 1998, p. 18). They have to learn flexibility, spontaneity and unpredictability in the workforce today, by continuously updating themselves to better perform. Employees tend to defy changes because fear of acquire fired, acquire a lower pay or just fear of the terra incognita (Robbins & Coulter 2001, pp. 345-47). Resistance to changes can be avoided if the changes are planned well and there is clear communication between management and employees. Explaining the need for changes to employees and getting their views can diminish the resistance. Companies like Ford or JVC had to deal with changes when computerised multitude lines were introduced. All these changes happened due to new innovations being made everyday.Change creates latent hostility f or employees. Managers have to realise that employees have another part of life outside the workplace (Robbins & Coulter 2001, p. 351). Balancing work and family add more tense to employees that it disturbs their working potential. Work and family relates to one another.Organizations realized family concerns jeopardize business results. Managers should be aware of this as employees are afraid to voice out their concerns in fear of appearing less dedicated to their jobs. At Motorola, a work-life wad statement is made and a Special Delivery program gives enceinte parents a 24-hours nurse hotline in hope of comforting and calming employees (Hammonds 1997). firm employees personal needs can encourage more effective workers with less constant worry. Companies that recognise the need to adapt work to peoples life will win employees loyalty which gains them an edge in the business.Managers might find themselves dealing with ethical dilemma where theyre required to define right or wrong conducts. Managers need to create an ethically healthy working humour at the workplace for employees. Levis Strauss became the first global company to establish a broad ethical calculate of conduct in 1991 (http//www.levistrauss.com/responsibility, 2003). Values of the organization can be seen through its employees.For example, Malcolm Walker who heads a retail aliment chain called Iceland is also a member of an environmental awareness group called Greenpeace (Robbins & Coulter 2001, p. 130). His company showed ethical behaviour when they decided to sell products which are free of chemicals that can harm Earth. Managers should hire ethical individuals, establishing a code of ethics at workplace (Robbins & Coulter 2001, p. 131) and of course, be a well-grounded role model by making the right choices in managing the organization. Managers can either make or break an organization as they can influence and control the employees into doing anything they want.Managing individuals isn t easy however, it can be done effectively with the aid of organizational behaviour concepts and knowledge. It is something that a manager can improve on with practice and experience throughout their working profession. telephone extension List virtually HP Hewlett Packard Corporate Objectives, online 2002, unattached from , 2003, October 10.Bailey, J., Schermerhorn, J., Hunt, J., Osborn, R., 1991, Chapter 1 Organisational Behaviour and the Manager. In Managing Organisational Behaviour. London Jacaranda Wiley Ltd. p. 14. -. p. 22.Citigroup Our Values, online, 2003. functional from , 2003, October 9Citigroup About Us, online, 2003. Available from , 2003, October 9.Gibson, J. L., Ivancevich, J. M., Donnelly, J. H. Jr., 1997, Chapter 1 The Study of Organization. In Organizations behaviour Structure Processes. ed. Biernat, J. E., Rob Zwettler. United States of America. p. 16. -. Chapter 3 globalisation. p. 54. -. Chapter 3 Globalization. pp. 56-58. -. Chapter 13 Organization S tructure. pp. 349-50.Hammonds, K. H. 1997, Balancing work and Family Business week, online, Available from, 2003, October 15.Heathfield, S. M.,2003. Help People Thrive at Work. online. Available from, 2003, October 9. -. Make Learning Matter Become A Learning Organization. online. Available from , 2003, October 1.Levi Strauss Co. brotherly Responsibility, 2003. online, Available from , 2003, October 4.Nokia Internal Communications. online, 2003, Available from , 2003, October 4.Nokia Nokia as an Employer. online, 2003, Available from, 2003, October 7Nokia Performance Based Rewarding. online, 2003, Available from , 2003, October 10.PricewaterhouseCoopersUSCareers diverseness, online, 2001. Available from , 2003, October 10.Reid, J., 2003. Lesson of the Red Horse. online. Available from 2003, September 18. -.2003. Management 101. online. Available from 2003, September 18.Robbins, S. P. & Coulter M. 2001. Chapter One Introduction to Management and Organizations. In Management . Prentice-Hall International Inc. p. 9. -. p. 11. -. Chapter Two Management Yesterday and Today. p. 41. -. p. 46. -. Chapter Five Social Responsibility and Managerial Ethics. Pp. 130-31. -. Chapter Thirteen Managing Change and Innovation. pp. 345-47. -. p. 351.Robbins, S. P., Millett, R., Cacioppe, R., Marsh-Waters, T., 1998. What is Organisational Behaviour?. In Organisational Behaviour Leading and Managing in Australia and New Zealand. Frenchs plant NSW Prentice Hall. p. 10.